People with Intellectual Disabilities in the Criminal Justice System: An Examination of the Behaviour ANalysis Interview
Tez Türü: Yüksek Lisans
Tezin Yürütüldüğü Kurum: Brock University, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Uygulamalı Davranış Analizi, Kanada
Tez Danışmanı: Dr. Nicole Luke
Tezin Onay Tarihi: 2013
Tezin Dili: İngilizce
Özet:
Background. People with intellectual disabilities (IDs) have been participating in the criminal justice system (the CJS)as victims, suspects, and witnesses, in which they have faced many challenges (Gudjonsson & Joyce, 2011). Their participation in the CJS often starts with a police interaction. In North America, police officers frequently implement the Behaviour Analysis Interview (the BAI) method in interviews (Kassin, Drizin, Grisso, Gudjonsson, Leo, and Redlich, 2010). This study examined both the BAI and challenges that people with ID face in the criminal justice system.
Methods. This paper is a narrative literature review on the BAI and people with ID in the criminal justice system. The review included English language studies, group design peerreviewed articles. The studies published prior to 1990 and unpublished studies were excluded.
Results. The results indicated that people with ID is a vulnerable group in the criminal justice system. Cederbog and Lamb (2008) argued that people with ID may not be able to give meaningful statements to police officers due to compromised episodic memory and executive brain functions associated with ID. On the other hand, some of the challenges stem from certain police interview techniques. Using more close-ended rather than open-ended questions makes it harder for people with ID to give accurate statements (Gudjonsson & Joyce, 2011). Also, the BAI increases people with IDs' risk for being induced to falsely confess crimes in police interrogations (Kassin, Drizin, Grisso, Gudjonsson, Leo, and Redlich, 2010).
Conclusions. Findings supported that people with ID's risks in the criminal justice system can be decreased by implementing evidence-based police interview techniques, and suggest the need for police interview protocols that are based on science not common sense!